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The "Li-free" thin film batteries are fabricated with only an anode current collector and the protective overlayer. Upon the initial charge of the battery, a metallic lithium anode is plated in-situ at the current collector. This lithium anode can be plated and stripped reversibly.
Features:
The capacity and discharge rates are as high as batteries with an evaporated Li anode.
The cells can be cycled thousands of times.
The newly fabricated battery can be heated to 250°C.
NOTE: Failure due to a significant internal leakage current occurs for about 25% of the Li-free batteries fabricated in our laboratory, while for the evaporated lithium anode batteries the failure rate is < 10%. Changes in the materials and processing may be needed to improve the fabrication yield.
Discharge curves for batteries with a 1.8 µm x 1 cm2 LiCoO2 cathode.
Discharge capacity of Li-free batteries with and without a protective overlayer coating. Capacities are normalized to a 1 cm2 x 1 µm thick LiCoO2 cathode.
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Date revised - 3/21/00 (njd) http://www.ssd.ornl.gov/BatteryWeb/lifree.html